The Policy Agenda Process for the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers at the Regional Level: A Multi-Actor Governance Analysis

Septi Ravita Puspa; Ria Angin; Binaridha Kusuma Ningtyas; Ali Wafa

Authors

Septi Ravita Puspa Universitas Jember Author https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2188-2581
Ria Angin Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember Author
Binaridha Kusuma Ningtyas Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8971-5392
Ali Wafa Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7701-1798

Keywords:

Indonesian Migrant Workers, Policy Agenda, Multi-Actor Governance, Public Administration

Abstract

International labor migration is a phenomenon inseparable from the dynamics of development and inequality of employment opportunities, particularly in sending regions of Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI). Jember Regency is one of the regions with a high rate of sending PMI in East Java Province, making the issue of PMI protection a significant issue on the regional policy agenda. This study aims to analyze the policy agenda process for PMI protection in Jember Regency, by exploring how the issue is recognized, prioritized, and formulated in regional policies. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with local government, legislative, and civil society actors, as well as analysis of policy documents, including regional development planning documents and regulations related to PMI protection. Data analysis was conducted thematically to identify patterns of policy agendas, actor roles, and structural barriers in the policy formulation process. The results show that PMI protection in Jember Regency has gained recognition as a public issue and is integrated into regional planning documents, indicating administrative and discursive legitimacy. However, the policy agenda process stagnated before producing formal and binding regional policies. The main obstacles include limited institutional capacity, overlapping authority between regional agencies, political caution, and the complexity of governance across levels of government. These findings highlight the gap between the recognition of the issue and the capacity of regional policy systems to implement substantive policies for the protection of migrant workers.

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